Bipolar Disorder,types of disorder,symptoms of bipolar disorder

 What is Bipolar disorder?

Bipolar disorder - previously called manic depression - is a serious mental illness, which causes a person to have drastic changes in emotions, moods, and energy levels: as they transform.

From lowest to highest energy levels ever. However, keep in mind that these changes do not happen from one moment to the next, but rather lasts for several days or weeks. 

Types of bipolar disorder

There are many types of bipolar disorder, but all types always have many factors in common.

 

• Unipolar disorder

 People have low moods exactly the same as symptoms of another associated disorder, major depressive disorder. It is also known as a unipolar disorder. 

Symptoms of unipolar disorder

Patients with this disorder may feel hopeless, frustrated, and lack energy and mental focus. They may also exhibit physical symptoms, such as overeating or sleeping, or eating or sleeping less.

But despite this low mood, it's what differentiates bipolar disorder from depression. Unipolar is that bipolar patients sometimes go through periods of good mood which we call manic episodes. Or hypomania this depends on the severity of their disorder.

In a manic state, patients feel energetic and overwhelmed with happiness, optimism, or even euphoria with very strong self-confidence. On the surface, these might sound like very positive qualities, but when the person is in a state of total obsession; These symptoms can reach dangerous stages.

Patients may while they are in a state of obsession invest all of their money in a risky venture or act recklessly. Patients may sometimes speak impulsively, speaking repeatedly as fast as fire (with lightning speed). Or their thoughts may race and they may feel like machines where they are not needed Sleep.

 

Manic episodes may include delusions of grandeur. For example, they may think they are sent on a personal mission by God, or they possess supernatural powers. And they may make some wrong decisions without any consideration of their subsequent consequences.

A normal healthy person may experience normal ups and downs in mood during their lifetime. And he might even experience some very serious dips in the mood now and then, perhaps after a loss of a job or when moving to a new place and feeling lonely. Also, people with unipolar depression may feel naturally good in the mood.

• Bipolar disorder

Their mood drops are devastating, last for a long period of time, and the condition may not have a cause clear. And now, For bipolar disorders, the first disorder is called bipolar (1) and patients with this disorder suffer from a significant deterioration in their mood that lasts for at least two weeks, and some notable levels of an upsurge in their mood that lasts. For at least one week or it may require hospitalization.

Bipolar disorder and depression

 However, episodes of mania that go untreated can last between 3 to 6 months. Depression appears in most cases, but it is not essential for a diagnosis of the disorder. The second disorder is called bipolar (2), and patients with this disorder experience similar depressions in the mood.

Hypomania

They have additional elevations in mood called hypomania that is less severe than episodes of mania. These hypomanic states must last at least four days to be diagnosed with the disorder. However, these symptoms usually last from several weeks to several months. 

• Cyclothymia

Well, the third type is called cyclothymia. Sometimes cyclothymia people suffer from bad moods as well as good moods or 'hypomania'.In this type of bipolar disorder, they fluctuate between these two for a period of up to two years at least.

Symptoms of cyclothymia

Sometimes, people with bipolar disorder can have other, less common symptoms as well. For example, suffering from what is referred to as mixed seizures is having symptoms.

Depression and mania at the same time. Another symptom that they may experience is a cycle of rapid mood swings, which describes a condition in which a patient is suffering. From 4 or more episodes of depression or mania during a given year.

Like most mental health conditions, the exact underlying cause of bipolar disorder is known as the 'bipolar gene', but there is thought that genetic and environmental factors play a role. For example, one interesting clue is that people who have family members suffer from it.

Disturb people are likely to suffer from the disorder 10 times more. Another clue is that some drugs and medications can trigger episodes of mania, such as Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (or SSRIs). 

Why is treating bipolar disorder difficult?

It is also worth noting that people who suffer from bipolar disorder often have other disorders such as anxiety disorders, substance use disorders, ADHD, and personality disorders as well, which makes diagnosis and treatment a real challenge.

Although there is no cure for bipolar disorder, identifying and treating people who suffer from it. This is very important as this person is liable to self-harm or commit suicide. 

• Bipolar disorder treatment

One of the oldest remedies and also one of the most effective is lithium salts.

The lithium salts act as a mood stabilizer - to reduce the intense mood swings they suffer from.

However, it treats episodes of mania better than episodes of depression and therefore is often on people. Those who are taking other medicines also take this which can cause a problem.

Antidepressants such as (selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors) can be a trigger for manic episodes for people who are predisposed. For these seizures.

Other treatment options include antipsychotics, anticonvulsants, and benzodiazepines, however many of them including lithium salts have side effects that can be severe and lead to non-compliance. This puts the patient at risk.

And unlike some disorders such as unipolar depression, psychological interventions such as Talk therapy or cognitive behavioral therapy are not particularly effective in treating manic episodes in bipolar disorder.

Despite this, they are still very useful tools for people with bipolar disorder. In general, especially after the episodes of mania have ended. It can also help the patient deal with nerve-wracking situations that otherwise could lead to a seizure.